The Vikings
Were Pirates.

 Denmark’s Earliest Kings Were Pirates.

THE BOODLE BOYS

DUTCH EAST INDIA COMPANY

BOODLE BOYS

THE BOODLE BOYS:  This is borrowed word from the Dutch word boedel which means all one's possessions, from Old Frisian bōdel movable goods, inheritance; see caboodle

American Vice President then President Lyndon Johnson in 1954 was the head of the good ol' boys network and controlled all the boodle - all  the things that were given to people.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/transcript/lbj-transcript/

Robert Baker, LBJ Senate Aide: It's a "good ole boy" network. Well, you know, if you've been -- if you've served in Congress, either the House or the Senate, together for many years, you've done favors for each other and you say what you can do and can't do and what's possible."

Howard Schuman, U.S. Senate Aide: "And they controlled all the what I call "boodle," the things that were give to people."

 

Boodle's is a London gentlemen's club - the good ole boys club founded in 1764 
49–51 St. James's Street, Pall Mall London

Founded in 1762, by Lord Shelburne, the future Marquess of Lansdowne and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
The club came to be known after the name of its head waiter, Edward Boodle. Boodle's is regarded as one of the most prestigious clubs in London, and counts many British aristocrats and notable politicians among its members. It is the second oldest club in the world, with only White's being older.

Boodle's Orange Fool is a traditional club dish. It is a little like a trifle, with a sponge cake base which sops up the creamy, fruit-flavoured mixture on top.

During the Regency era, Boodle's became known as the club of the English gentry, while White's became the club of the more senior members of the nobility. Today, membership is strictly by nomination and election only. Members are a closed set of politicians and other powerful men passing power among themselves.

The aristocracy of boodle is the slimmest aristocracy of all.
n.    Money, especially counterfeit money.
n.    Money accepted as a bribe.
n.    Slang Stolen goods; swag.
n.    Money or valuables, esp when stolen, counterfeit, or used as a bribe
v.    to give or receive money corruptly or illegally

1833, "crowd;" 1858, "phony money," especially "graft money," actual or potential (1883), both American English slang, either or both based on bundle, or from Dutch boedel "property."

An entire lot; a large number or amount; caboodle (1830s+) Counterfeit money (1850s+ Underworld) Bribe money or other money obtained by graft and corruption: A few trees are planted. What happens to most of the boodle? (1880s+) Money in general (1890+)

 

The Vikings Were Pirates. Denmark’s Earliest Kings Were Pirates.
Queen Victoria’s children married out of the family and into overseas Royalty, thus creating relations between the Monarchial heads of state of many countries. 

Queen Elizabeth is related to all these Viking Pirates

- 3rd Cousin of HM Queen Margrethe II Of Denmark 
- 3rd Cousin of HM King Carl XVI Gustaf Of Sweden is actually 203rd in line to the British throne as well 
- 5th Cousin of HM Queen Beatrix Of The Netherlands

Viking piracy laid the groundwork for the Danish Monarchy. 
Viking raids between 800 and 1000 CE funded the building of a Danish royal power. Medieval pirates and buccaneers founded Denmark.  Piracy and looting were an integral part of life at sea between 800 and 1400 CE.  During this time, the Vikings, sailed and fought their way around Europe, they raided to become the richest and to become powerful. At the same time, the threat of foreign pirates in the 1300s played a significant role in the creation of the Kalmar Union in 1397 CE, when Denmark, Norway, and Sweden united under Queen Margrethe I.
Aristocrats were once pirates. Piracy forms an important basis for the development of the Danish monarchy and the associated apparatus of power and authority.  Piracy in Viking times was an important means to forcibly take the property of others in order to increase your own wealth and gain political and military power. And it was here from these Vikings that the Danish elite and aristocracy developed.  The chaos that led to conquest and looting of the sea also brought with it, a more organised society.
The Middle Ages was the most important period for the intellectual thought that underlies the basic structure of the West. For example, piracy and the early days of territorialisation has laid the foundation for our perception of what resources individuals may use to expand and defend their business and interests. The Maritime and Commercial Court, the laws of war, and a whole lot of other things that we take for granted, were formulated back in the Middle Ages. http://sciencenordic.com/first-danish-kings-were-pirates
Stefan Eklöf Amirell and Leos Müller write that Viking pirates acted “as catalysts for political change and dislocation across Europe.” In ninth-century England, they write, “every kingdom but one was destroyed  and up to half the country was occupied by Viking forces.” The Kingdom of Frankia had it even worse, they write, with 14 percent of the entire economy surrendered to Vikings. “Whole regions are recorded as ‘laid waste’,” they write, “and thousands were killed and enslaved.”

DUTCH
EAST INDIA COMPANY

AT THE SAME TIME as the East India Company you have the 
Dutch East India  + Dutch West India Companies also working.

DUTCH EAST INDIA COMPANY (United East India Company)

Dutch East India Company (VOC) was founded in 1602 - 1777 to protect their trade in the Indian Ocean and to assist in their war of independence from Spain. the company was able to defeat the British fleet and largely displace the Portuguese in the East Indies. Jan Pieterszoon - Batavia, Dutch East Indies [now Jakarta, Indon.]), chief founder of the Dutch commercial empire in the East Indies. As the fourth governor-general of the Dutch East Indies, he established a chain of fortified posts in the Indonesian Archipelago, displacing the Portuguese and preventing penetration by the English. His dream of a vast maritime empire stretching from Japan to India never came to fruition, but his energetic administration established Dutch rule in Indonesia, where it remained for four centuries.

1798 An authentic account of the Dutch East India Company - dedicated to George Washington

There was great demand for Chinese porcelain in Europe and big companies and rich families sent their coats of arms to be copied onto dinner services. This plate and cup carry the arms of the Dutch East India Company.

1602 Dutch East India Company established - pictures
The Netherlands, Britain, and France all chartered great trading companies, such as the Dutch East India Company.

These companies were given government monopolies of trade in the regions designated, but they were not rigorously supervised by their own states. They had rights to raise armies and coin money on their own. Thus, semiprivate companies, amassing great commercial fortunes, long acted almost like independent governments in the regions they claimed.

For some time, a Dutch trading company effectively ruled the island of Taiwan off the coast of China. 

The British East India Company played a similar role in parts of India during much of the 18t century. The Dutch East India company administered portions of the main islands of present-day Indonesia and also (for a time) Taiwan, off the China coast.

Danish East India Company

Danish West India Company (Danish: Vestindisk kompagni) or The West India Company was organized on November 20, 1670.

The Danish colonies in India were founded by the Danish East India Company, which was active from the 17th to the 19th centuries. Danish India is a term for the former colonies of Denmark, and until 1814 Denmark–Norway, in India. The colonies included the town of Tranquebar in present-day Tamil Nadu state, Serampore in present-day West Bengal, and the Nicobar Islands, currently part of India's union territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. In 1777 it was turned over to the government by the chartered company and became a Danish crown colony.

In 1789 the Andaman Islands became a British possession. During the Napoleonic Wars, the British attacked Danish shipping, and devastated the Danish East India Company's India trade. In May 1801 - August 1802 and 1808 - 20 September 1815 the British even occupied Dansborg and Frederiksnagore.

The Danish colonies went into decline, and the British ultimately took possession of them, making them part of British India.

 

 

Danish East India Company were two separate Danish chartered companies.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danish_East_India_Company

1) The first Danish East India Company was chartered in 1616 under King Christian IV and focused on trade with India.
During its heyday, the Danish East India Company and Swedish East India Company imported more tea than the British East India Company, smuggling 90% of it into Britain, where it could be sold at a huge profit. The company dissolved in 1650.

In 1670, a second Danish East India Company was established, before it too was dissolved in 1729. In 1730, it was refounded as the Asiatic Company (Asiatisk Kompagni) and opened trade with China at Canton.
With the royal license conferred in 1732, the new company was granted a 40-year monopoly on all Danish trade east of the Cape of Good Hope. Up to 1750, 27 ships were sent, with 22 surviving the journey to return to Copenhagen. In 1772, the company lost its monopoly and, in 1779, Danish India became a crown colony.

2) Danish West India Company aka The West India Company:

Danish West India Company was a Danish chartered company that exploited colonies in the Danish West Indies. It was founded as the Danish Africa Company in 1659 in Glückstadt by a German Hendrik Carloff and two Dutchmen Isaac Coymans and Nicolaes Pancras. Their mandate included trade with the Danish Gold Coast in present-day Ghana and with the Caribbean.[see]

12/26/14 Dutch East India Company: Nutmeg Spice Has A Secret Story That Isn't So Nice

A lot of blood has been shed over this little brown seed. "Nutmeg has been one of the saddest stories of history," says culinary historian Michael Krondl. If you listen to my story, you'll hear the gruesome, grisly tale of how the Dutch tortured and massacred the people of the nutmeg-producing Banda Islands in Indonesia in an attempt to monopolize the nutmeg trade.
In the 1600s, "the Dutch and the British were kind of shadowing each other all over the globe," explains Cornell historian Eric Tagliacozzo. They were competing for territory and control of the spice trade. In 1667, after years of battling, they sat down to hash out a treaty.  "Both had something that the other wanted," explains Krondl. The British wanted to hold onto Manhattan, which they'd managed to gain control of a few years earlier. And the Dutch wanted the last nutmeg-producing island that the British controlled, as well as territory in South America that produced sugar.  "So they [the Dutch] traded Manhattan, which wasn't so important in those days, to get nutmeg and sugar."

Dutch
West India Company

 

 

The West India Company was organized on November 20, 1670, and formally chartered by King Christian V on March 11, 1671.

In 1671 the Danish West India Company received its charter from King Christian V to occupy and take possession of St. Thomas and islands thereabouts that might be uninhabited and suitable for plantations. Part of the charter indicated that the Danish government would supply the company with as many male convicts as necessary for working the plantations and as many women, who were under arrest, as needed. Authorities would soon learn that convicts did not make good workers! The officials in St. Thomas would quickly welcome colonists from other neighboring islands and rely on African slaves for labor.

At first, the company had difficulties bein​g profitable, but eventually it began to increase revenue by raising taxes and bringing all colonial exports into Copenhagen directly. In the 17th and 18th centuries, the company flourished from the North Atlantic triangular trade routes. Slaves from the Gold Coast of Africa were traded for molasses and rum in the West Indies. The company administered the colonies until 1754, when the Danish government's "Chamber of Revenues" took control. From 1760 to 1848, the governing body was known as Vestindisk-guineiske rente- og generaltoldkammer. This led to a brief establishment of Det Guineiske kompagni via Royal resolution of March 18, 1765, to maintain the trade with the Danish Gold Coast colonies. In November, they received the forts of Christiansborg and Fredensborg for 20 years. The company, however, never enjoyed a trade monopoly like the Dutch West India Company. The financially troubled company was liquidated on November 22, 1776. In anticipation of this, the Danish government took control of the granted forts from August–September 1775.
The Danish West Indies was sold by the Danish state to the United States of America on December 12, 1916. The administration was officially turned over on March 31, 1917, and the first US governor was Edwin Taylor Pollock, see List of United States Virgin Islands Governors.
List of Governors of the Danish West Indies
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_governors_of_the_Danish_West_Indies

 

When the U.S. Virgin Islands belonged to Denmark, various records were kept here

The Danish West Indies first settled St. Thomas in 1668 and St. John in 1718 and purchased St. Croix from the French in 1733.

St. Croix U.S.V.I. was bought from French West India Company in 1733.
French West India Company was a chartered company established in 1664. Their charter gave them the property and seignory of Canada, Acadia, the Antilles, Cayenne, and the terra firma of South America, from the Amazon to the Orinoco. They had an exclusive privilege for the commerce of those places, and also of Senegal and the coasts of Guinea, for forty years, only paying half the duties.
The stock of the company was so considerable, that in less than 6 months, 45 vessels were equipped; with which they took possession of all the places in their grant, and settled a commerce. Yet, the company only existed nine years. In 1674, the grant was revoked, and the various countries reunited to the King's dominions, as before; the King reimbursed the actions of the adventurers.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_West_India_Company

USVI INTERDISCIPLINARY CURRICULA CONTAINS:

U.S.Virgin Islands Interdisciplinary Financial Literacy Unit

1. Math financial literacy slavery
2. Financial Literacy Slave Trade Wealth
3. Trade Company
4. SUGAR THE FIRST DRUG
5. Sugar - Sugar and Slavery: Molasses to Rum to Slaves
6. On The History Of The Slave Trade
7. Knights of Malta - Financial Literacy
8. 7 Flags
9. Pirates
10. Demographic Island Statistics
11. Racial Mixture, "White" Identity, and the "Forgotten" Cause of the Civil War
12. White Slaves
13. St. John Revolt and Massacre
14. Privateers West Indies 17th Century
15. Slave Trade in New Orleans 1800

The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Buccaneers in the West Indies in the XVII Century, by Clarence Henry Haring

Title: The Buccaneers in the West Indies in the XVII Century
Author: Clarence Henry Haring

Another one is Buccaneers-in-the-XVII-Century where you'll find a fantastic bibliography.

The voyages and adventures of Capt. Barth. Sharp and others, in the South Sea: : being a journal of the same, also Capt. Van Horn with his Buccanieres surprizing of la Vera Cruz to which is added The true Relation of Sir Henry Morgan, his Expedition against the Spaniards in the West-Indies, and his taking Panama. Together with The President of Panama's Account of the same Expedition: Translated out of Spanish. And Col. Beeston's adjustment of the Peace between the Spaniards and English in the West Indies

THE BUCCANEERS IN THE WEST INDIES IN THE XVII CENTURY  

BY  C.H. HARING  
WITH TEN MAPS AND ILLUSTRATIONS  
METHUEN & CO. LTD. 36 ESSEX STREET W.C. LONDON  
​First Published in 1910

One of the earliest and most remarkable cases of buccaneer turning pirate was that of “La Trompeuse.” In June 1682, before Governor Lynch's arrival in Jamaica, a French captain named Peter Paine (or Le Pain), commander of a merchant ship called “La Trompeuse” belonging to the French King, came to Port Royal from Cayenne in Guiana. He told Sir Henry Morgan and the council that, having heard of the inhuman treatment of his fellow Protestants in France, he had resolved to send back his ship and pay what was due under his contract; and he petitioned for
leave to reside with the English and have English protection. The Council, without much inquiry as to the petitioner's antecedents, allowed him to take the oath of allegiance and settle at St. Jago, while his cargo was unloaded and entered customs-free. The ship was then hired by two Jamaican merchants and sent to Honduras to load logwood, with orders to sail eventually for Hamburg and be delivered to the French agent. The action of the Council had been very hasty and ill-considered, and as it turned out, led to endless trouble. It soon transpired that Paine did not own the cargo, but had run away with it from Cayenne, and had disposed of both ship and goods in his own interest. The French ambassador in London made complaints to the English King, and letters were sent out to Sir Thomas Lynch and to Governor Stapleton of the Leeward Isles to arrest Paine and endeavour to have the vessel lade only for her right owners. Meanwhile a French pirate named Jean Hamlin, with 120 desperadoes at his back, set out in a sloop in pursuit of “La Trompeuse,” and coming up with her invited the master and mate aboard his own vessel, and then seized the ship. Carrying the prize to some creek or bay to careen her and fit her up as a man-of-war, he then started out on a mad piratical cruise, took sixteen or eighteen Jamaican vessels, barbarously ill-treated the crews, and demoralized the whole trade of the island. Captain Johnson was dispatched by Lynch in a frigate in October 1682 to find and destroy the pirate; but after a fruitless search of two months round Porto Rico and Hispaniola, he returned to Port Royal. In December Lynch learned that “La Trompeuse” was careening in the neighbourhood of the Isle la Vache, and sent out another frigate, the “Guernsey,” to seize her; but the wary pirate had in the meantime sailed away. On 15th February the “Guernsey” was again dispatched with positive orders not to stir from the coast of Hispaniola until the pirate was gone or destroyed; and Coxon, who seems to have been in good odour at Port Royal, was sent to offer to a privateer named “Yankey,” men, victuals, pardon and naturalization, besides £200 in money for himself and Coxon, if he would go after “La Trompeuse.” The next news of Hamlin was from the Virgin Islands, where he was received and entertained by the Governor of St. Thomas, a small island belonging to the King of Denmark. Making St. Thomas his headquarters, he robbed several English vessels that came into his way, and after first obtaining from the Danish governor a promise that he would find shelter at St. Thomas on his return, stood across for the Gulf of Guinea. In May 1683 Hamlin arrived on the west side of Africa disguised as an English man-of-war, and sailing up and down the coast of Sierra Leone captured or destroyed within several weeks seventeen ships, Dutch and English, robbing them of gold-dust and negroes. The pirates then quarrelled over the division of their plunder and separated into two companies, most of the English following a Captain Morgan in one of the prizes, and the rest returning in “La Trompeuse” to the West Indies. The latter arrived at Dominica in July, where forty of the crew deserted the ship, leaving but sixteen white men and twenty-two negroes on board. Finally on the 27th the pirates dropped anchor at St. Thomas. They were admitted and kindly received by the governor, and allowed to bring their plunder ashore. Three days later Captain Carlile of H.M.S. “Francis,” who had been sent out by Governor Stapleton to hunt for pirates, sailed into the harbour, and on being assured by the pilot and by an English sloop lying at anchor there that the ship before him was the pirate “La Trompeuse,” in the night of the following day he set her on fire and blew her up. Hamlin and some of the crew were on board, but after firing a few shots, escaped to the shore. The pirate ship carried thirty-two guns, and if she had not been under-manned Carlile might have encountered a formidable resistance. The Governor of St. Thomas sent a note of protest to Carlile for having, as he said, secretly set fire to a frigate which had been confiscated to the King of Denmark. Nevertheless he sent Hamlin and his men for safety in a boat to another part of the island, and later selling him a sloop, let him sail away to join the French buccaneers in Hispaniola.
The Danish governor of St. Thomas, whose name was Adolf Esmit, had formerly been himself a privateer, and had used his popularity on the island to eject from authority his brother Nicholas Esmit, the lawful governor. By protecting and encouraging pirates–for a consideration, of course–he proved a bad neighbour to the surrounding English islands. Although he had but 300 or 350 people on St. Thomas, and most of these British subjects, he laid claim to all the Virgin Islands, harboured runaway servants, seamen and debtors, fitted out pirate vessels with arms and provisions, and refused to restore captured ships and crews which the pirates brought into his port. The King of Denmark had sent out a new governor, named Everson, to dispossess Esmit, but he did not arrive in the West Indies until October 1684, when with the assistance of an armed sloop which Sir William Stapleton had been ordered by the English Council to lend him, he took possession of St. Thomas and its pirate governor.

THE PLYMOUTH COMPANY

 

1606 IN THE U.S.  London Company chartered to establish the Virginia Plantation on a communistic basis, and the Plymouth Company, whose descendants would control the New England business world.

The Virginia Company refers collectively to a pair of English joint stock companies chartered by James I on 10 April 1606

with the purposes of establishing settlements on the coast of North America.

The two companies, called the "Virginia Company of London" (or the London Company) and the "Virginia Company of Plymouth" (or Plymouth Company) operated with identical charters but with differing territories.

Colonial Charters, Grants and Related Documents at YALE